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Compile-time errorsRun-time errors

Bijoy Saha answered on September 18, 2022 Popularity 2/10 Helpfulness 8/10

answer Compile-time errorsRun-time errors

Compile-time errorsRun-time errors

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At compile time, when the code does not comply with the Java syntactic and
semantics rules as described in Java Language Specification (JLS),
compile-time errors will occurs. The goal of the compiler is to ensure
the code is compliant with these rules. Any rule-violations detected at this
stage are reported as compilation errors.

The best way to get to know those rules is to go through all the sections 
in the JLS containing the key words "compile-time error". In general, 
these rules include syntax checking: declarations, expressions, 
lexical parsing, file-naming conventions etc; exception handling: for checked 
exceptions; accessibility, type-compatibility, name resolution: checking to 
see all named entities - variables, classes, method calls etc. are reachable 
through at least one of the declared path; etc.

The following are some common compile time errors:

a class tries to extend more than one class
overloading or overriding is not implemented correctly
attempt to refer to a variable that is not in the scope of the current block
an inner class has the same name as one of one of its enclosing classes
a class contains one or more abstract methods and the class itself is not 
declared "abstract"
a class tries to reference a private member of another class
trying to create an instance of an abstract class
trying to change the value of an already initialized constant (final member)
declare two (class or instance) members with the same name
Here is a list of conditions that may cause compile-time errors. 

When the code compiles without any error, there is still chance that the code
will fail at run time. The errors only occurs at run time are call run time
errors. Run time errors are those that passed compiler's checking, but fails 
when the code gets executed. There are a lot of causes may result in runtime 
errors, such as incompatible type-casting, referencing an invalid index in an
array, using an null-object, resource problems like unavailable file-handles, 
out of memory situations, thread dead-locks, infinite loops(not detected!), etc.


The following are some common runtime errors:

trying to invoke a method on an uninitialized variable (NullPointerException)
ran out memory (memory leaks...) (OutOfMemoryError)
trying to open a file that doesn't exist (FileNotFoundException)
trying to pass arguments to a method which are not within the accepted bounds
(IllegalArgumentException)
trying to invoke the start() method on a dead thread 
(IllegalThreadStateException)
trying to invoke wait() or notify() on an object without owning the object's
monitor (IllegalMonitorStateException)

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Source: stackoverflow.com

Tags: compile-time whatever

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Contributed on Sep 18 2022

Bijoy Saha

0 Answers Avg Quality 2/10

Compile-time errorsRun-time errors

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